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Several industrial and commercial buildings are capable of reaching heights of over sixty stories. Obviously, while these buildings are being constructed, they require equally tall cranes to be able to transport the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes that are operated from the rear of trucks or other kinds which have their own vehicle connected. Tower cranes are the largest ones offered on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are often seen on high-rise building projects. Usually, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. When new construction like for example apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities such as shopping center are being built, odds are a crane will be on site.
Kinds
There are two different types of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it lifts things. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds could range from 30,000 lbs. to ten thousand pounds
Body
The crane's body is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of individual sections. The sections are added to increase the overall height of the machine. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane uses a braided metal cord to be able to raise materials. This cord extends out from a motor situated near the control module to the end of the boom or jib. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when lifting heavy materials.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specialized mobile crane that uses hydraulic power to lift and move thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are really essential in constructing major projects like for instance airports, bridges, roads and buildings. A crane could accomplish in minutes jobs which would normally take hundreds of men and lots of hours to complete.
These remarkable equipments have played a vital part in building cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were likely built using basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most remarkable construction projects ever.
The very first cranes were established in 3000 B.C. Egypt in the reign of King Ramses. This lifting device was originally utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were utilized to create a whole country in the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were originally made out of wood. The designs of cranes started to change when dockyards started to require stronger and bigger machines. Hick & Rothwell developed the first cast iron cranes in the year 1834, in Bolton, England. This equipment could lift up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany began to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The very first cast iron crane built by Germany was made in Neuburg.
